NAME………………………………………………………	INDEX NO………………………. …………...…
SCHOOL……………………………………………...…….	CANDIDATE’S SIGNATURE………………….
DATE………………………………………..

231/2
BIOLOGY 
PAPER 2
(THEORY)
MARCH/APRIL 2015 
TIME: 2 HOURS 

KABONDO DIVISION JOINT EVALUATION TEST 
Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education (K. C.S.E.) 

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES 
• Write your name and Index number in the spaces provided.
• Answer all the questions in section A in the spaces provided on the question paper.
• In section B, answer question 6 (compulsory) and either question 7 or 8 in the spaces provided after question 8.

FOR EXAMINERS USE ONLY 

Section	Question 	Maximum Score 	Candidate’s Score 	
             A	1 
- 	8		
	2	8		
	3	8		
	4	8		
	5	8		
B	6	20		
	7	20		
	8	20		
TOTAL SCORE		80		

This paper consist s of  12 printed pages  candidates should check the question paper  to ensure all the pages are3 printed as indicated and no questions are missing.

SECTION A

1.	The diagram below represents circulatory system in animal.

	

	(a)	Name the class whose members show the circulatory system shown above.		(1mk)
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	(b)	(i)	Name the parts labeled I and II						(2mks)
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		(ii)	State two difference in blood composition and flow in blood vessel R and P.														(2mks)
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	(c)	(i)	Explain why root pressure stops when a root is deprived of oxygen.		(1mk)
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		(ii)	Explain why a plant stomata may close in a hot sunny afternoon only to re open a 
short while later.								(2mks)
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2.	A farmer mated his dark red cow to a while bull. The cow gave birth to a light red calf.
	(a)	State why the calf is light red and not dark red or white.				(1mk)
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	(b)	If a light red bull is mated to a dark red cow, work out using a genetic cross:
		(i)	The genotypes of the offspring.						(4mks)

		(ii)	The genotypic ratio of the offspring.						(1mk)
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		(iii)	The phenotypic ratio of the offspring.					(1mk)
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		(iv)	The probability of getting a light red offspring from the cross.		(1mk)
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3.	A group of students set up an experiment to investigate a certain physiological process. The set up was as shown below:

	After sometimes, the students observed that a sugar solution was formed and its level rose in the cavity where sugar crystals were placed.
	(a)	What physiological process was being investigated?					(1mk)
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	(b)	Account for the formation of sugar solution and its rise in level.			(3mks)
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(c)	Suggest the result that the students would obtain if they repeated the experiment using a boiled pawpaw. Give reasons.							(2mks)
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(d)	State two importance of the physiological process named in 3(a) above to plants.	(2mks)
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4.	(a)	Explain the term Eutrophication.							(3mks)
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	(b)	How does eutrophication lead to death of fish in a water body?			(3mks)
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(c)	Persistent use of agricultural inorganic fertilizers lead to loss of soil fertility. Account for this observation.									(2mks)
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5.	An ecological study of woodland was carried out and the following observations recorded.
•	Rabbits feed on plants
•	Hawks feed on rabbits and small birds
•	Snails feed on plants 
•	Fox feed on rabbits and small birds.

(a)	Using the above observations, construct a food web.					(3mks)

(b)	From your food web;
	(i)	Draw a food chain that ends with hawks as tertiary consumers.		(1mk)

(ii)	Name two carnivores that compete in the woodland and state the food they compete for.									(1mk)
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(c)	Suggest the most likely method of sampling used to estimate the rabbit population in the woodland .										(1mk)
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(d)	State two precautions to be taken when using the sampling method named in (c) above.												(2mks)
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SECTION B: Answer question 6 (compulsory) and either question 7 or 8.
	
6.	An experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of hormones on growth of lateral buds of three pea plants.
	
	The shoots were treated as follows;	
	Shoot A – Apical bud was removed
	Shoot B – Apical bud was removed and gibberellic acid placed on the cut shoot.
	Shoot  C  - Apical bud was left intact. 

	The length of branches developed from lateral buds was determined at reular intervals.
	The results obtained are as shown in the table below:
	
Length of Shoot in millimeters
millimetrtes

Time in days 	Shoot A	Shoot B	Shoot C	
0
2
4
6
8
10	3
10
28
50
80
118	3
12
48
90
120
152	3
3
8
14
20
26	

(a)	Using the same axes, draw graphs to show length of branches against time.		(8mks)

	(b)	(i)	What was the length of the branch in Shoot B on the 7th day?		(1mk)	
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		(ii)	What would be the expected length of the branch developing from Shoot A on the 
11th day?									(1mk)
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	(c)	Account for the result obtained in the experiment.					(6mks)
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	(d)	Why was Shoot C included in the experiment?					(1mk)
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	(e)	What is the importance of gibberellic acid in Agriculture?				(1mk)
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(f)	State two physiological processes that are brought about by the application of gibberellic acid on plants.										(2mks)
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7.	Describe the adaptations of a dicotyledonous stem to its functions.				(20mks)
8.	Describe the economic importance of members in the kingdom fungi giving appropriate examples where possible.										(20mks)

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